ʻO ka honua i kēia lā, ua lilo ka pollution plastic i mea koʻikoʻi. Ua ʻike ʻia ka pollution plastic ma ka piko o ka mauna ʻo Everest, ma ka lalo o ke Kai Kina Hema ma mua o 3,900 mika hohonu, ma ka papa hau Arctic, a ma ka Mariana Trench…
I ka wā o ka holo wikiwiki ʻana, ʻai mākou i nā kīʻaha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka plastik i kēlā me kēia lā, a i ʻole e loaʻa i kekahi mau mea hoʻouna wikiwiki, a ʻai paha i nā mea lawe i loko o nā pahu meaʻai wikiwiki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo weliweli: paʻakikī ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā huahana plastik, a he mau haneli mau makahiki e hoʻopau loa a nalowale. .
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo weliweli loa ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ka nui o 9 mau ʻano microplastics i loko o ke kino kanaka. Wahi a Glowbal News, e like me ka noiʻi hou loa a ke Kulanui o Victoria, ʻai nā poʻe ʻAmelika i ka 126 a 142 microplastic particles i kēlā me kēia lā a inhale lākou i kēlā me kēia lā. 132-170 mau mea ʻilika.
He aha ka microplastic?
Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana o ka loea Pelekane ʻo Thompson, ʻo nā microplastics e pili ana i nā ʻāpana plastik a me nā ʻāpana me ke anawaena o lalo o 5 microns. He aha ka manaʻo o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 microns? He nui nā manawa i emi iho ma mua o kahi'āpana lauoho, a aneane hikiʻole keʻike me ka maka'ōlohelohe.
No laila mai hea mai kēia mau microplastics i ke kino kanaka?
Aia kekahi mau kumu:
① Nā huahana wai
He maʻalahi kēia e hoʻomaopopo. Ke hoʻolei ke kanaka i ka ʻōpala i loko o nā muliwai, nā kai a me nā loko i ka makemake, e popopo ka ʻōpala i loko o nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi a komo i ke kino o nā mea ola wai. I loko o ke kai, ua loaʻa i ka nui o nā mea ola wai he 114 microplastics i loko o ko lākou kino. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ke kanaka i nā plastics i ke kenekulia 19, ua hana ʻia he 8.3 biliona tons plastics a hiki i kēia manawa, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 miliona mau mea ʻōpala i hoʻolei pololei ʻia me ka mālama ʻole ʻana a komo i ke kai.
② E hoʻohana i ka plastic i ka hana ʻai
Ua hana nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā hoʻāʻo nui ma mua o 250 mau pahu wai omole ma 9 mau ʻāina a puni ka honua a ʻike i ka nui o ka wai hue i loko o nā microplastics. ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka wai paipu. Ua noiʻi kekahi ʻoihana noiʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka wai paipa ma 14 mau ʻāina a puni ka honua, a ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena he 83% o nā laʻana wai paipu i loaʻa nā microplastics. He mea paʻakikī ke pale aku i nā microplastics i loko o ka wai paipu, waiho wale i nā pahu lawe waho a me nā kīʻaha kī waiu āu e kamaʻilio pinepine ai. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka ʻili o kēia mau mea hana me kahi papa polyethylene. E wāwahi ʻia ka polyethylene i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.
③ ʻO ke kumu āu i manaʻo ʻole ai i ka paʻakai
ʻAe, ʻo ka paʻakai āu e ʻai ai i kēlā me kēia lā he microplastics paha. No ka mea, lawe ʻia ka paʻakai a mākou e ʻai ai mai nā kahawai, kai a me nā loko. ʻO ka haumia o ka wai e pōʻino i ka iʻa loko. He paʻakai kēia "iʻa loko".
Ua hōʻike ʻo "Scientific American" i kahi noiʻi e Shanghai East China Normal University:
Ua loaʻa nā microplastics, e like me polyethylene a me cellophane, i loko o nā hōʻailona paʻakai 15 i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e nā mea noiʻi. ʻOi aku no ka paʻakai kai, ʻoi aku ka nui o 550 yuan no ka kilokani, ua helu lākou: E like me ka nui o ka paʻakai a mākou e ʻai ai i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā microplastics a ke kanaka e ʻai ai i ka paʻakai i ka makahiki ma mua o 1,000 yuan!
④ Nā mea e pono ai ka hale i kēlā me kēia lā
ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i ʻike inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻolei i ka ʻōpala, nā mea āu e hoʻohana nei e hana i nā microplastics i kēlā me kēia minuke. No ka laʻana, nui nā lole i kēia manawa i loko o ka fiber kemika. Ke hoʻolei ʻoe i kou ʻaʻahu i loko o ka mīkini holoi no ka holoi ʻana, e hoʻolei aku nā lole i waho i nā fiber superfine. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia mau fiber me ka wai ʻōpala, ʻo ia ka plastic. Mai nānā i ka helu o nā microfibers. Manaʻo ka poʻe noiʻi i loko o ke kūlanakauhale me ka heluna kanaka he 1 miliona, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka 1 tons microfiber i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻo ia ka like me 150,000 mau ʻeke plastik non-degradable. Eia kekahi, nui nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e like me ka shaving cream, toothpaste, sunscreen, makeup remover, facial cleanser, etc., loaʻa kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "soft beads" no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hohonu, ʻo ia ka microplastic maoli.
ʻO ka pōʻino o nā microplastics i nā kānaka
ʻAʻole hiki i nā microplastics e lana ana i loko o ke kai ke hāʻawi wale i wahi no ke ola ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā microorganism like ʻole, akā e komo pū kekahi i nā metala kaumaha a me nā mea haumia kūlohelohe mau i ke kai. E like me nā lāʻau pesticides, nā mea pale ahi, nā biphenyls polychlorinated, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e neʻe pū me nā au kai e hoʻopōʻino i ke kaiaola. He liʻiliʻi ke anawaena o nā ʻāpana palaki a hiki ke komo i nā pūnaewele kikoo a hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke ake, e hoʻoulu ai i nā hopena inflammatory a me ka maʻi ʻawaʻawa mau loa. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me ka pane ʻana o ke kino. Hiki i nā microplastics liʻiliʻi ke komo i ke kīʻaha koko a me ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic. Ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi, e hoʻopilikia nui ia i kā mākou ʻōnaehana endocrine. ʻO ka hopena, he manawa wale nō ma mua o ka ʻai ʻia ʻana o ke kino kanaka e ka plastic.
Ke alo nei i nā microplastics ma nā wahi a pau, pehea e hoʻopakele ai ke kanaka iā lākou iho?
Ma waho aʻe o ke kāhea ʻana no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana plastic disposable i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. No ka hōʻemi ʻana a hoʻopau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hou, pono mākou e hoʻomohala a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hou. Ke nānā aku nei ʻo Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial Co., Ltd. i ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea biodegradable PLA. Loaʻa ka PLA mai nā kumuwaiwai mea kanu hou (e like me Corn, cassava, etc.). Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mea maka starch no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka glucose, a laila fermented e ka glucose a me kekahi mau kānana e hana ai i ka waika lactic maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, a laila hoʻohui ʻia kekahi waika polylactic kaumaha mole e ka synthesis kemika. Loaʻa iā ia ka biodegradability maikaʻi. Ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e nā microorganism i ke ʻano ma lalo o nā kūlana kikoʻī, a hope loa e hana i ke kalapona a me ka wai. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia he mea pili i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻopili ʻo Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial i ka manaʻo hoʻomalu kaiapuni o "mai ke ʻano a hoʻi i ke ʻano", a ua kūpaʻa ʻo ia e hoʻokuʻu i nā huahana degradable holoʻokoʻa e komo i kēlā me kēia ʻohana. Ua hana ʻo ia i kahi hōʻailona o ka mākeke hana lima. ʻO nā huahana nā ʻōpala, nā ʻeke kūʻai, nā ʻeke ʻōpala, nā ʻeke holoholona, a me nā ʻeke mālama hou. , Cling film a me ka mo'o o ka ho'opau 'ana i nā huahana ho'opau 'ana i ke kaiapuni, e 'olu'olu e 'imi i ka mākeke mea hana no nā brand biodegradable piha.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-18-2021